Open AirWaves Episode 1: The Power of Dentist/Physician Collaboration for Optimal Outcomes-Figures

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Pdf Summary

This document provides an overview of basic Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and BiLevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP) therapies for managing sleep-related breathing disorders such as Sleep Apnea. BiPAP offers Expiratory Pressure Relief for improved comfort, with BiLevel supporting spontaneous breathing by keeping the airway open during both inhalation (IPAP) and exhalation (EPAP). The text highlights how BiLevel helps some patients by splinting the airway open during exhalation and inspiration. Additionally, it discusses the increase in Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Arterial Muscle Tone during an obstructive apnea, accompanied by a fall in Oxygen Saturation, which sleep testing devices can detect using Arterial Tonometry. The figures provided illustrate airflow, pressure and flow waveforms, as well as factors such as Sympathetic Nerve Activity, Limb Blood Velocity, and Oxygen Saturation.<br /><br />Central Sleep Apnea, different from Obstructive Sleep Apnea, is detailed as a condition with various causes including heart failure, altitude changes, and respiratory depressants like opiates. The document emphasizes the importance of recognizing central events during sleep studies to avoid inappropriate treatments such as oral appliances. The occurrence of Central Sleep Apneas after arousal from sleep, at higher altitudes, or after starting OSA treatment is highlighted. Central Sleep Apnea may also manifest as Treatment-Emergent CSA after OSA treatment with respiratory depressants. Understanding these distinctions is crucial in ensuring appropriate management and treatment approaches for patients with sleep-related breathing disorders.

Keywords

CPAP

BiPAP

Sleep Apnea

Expiratory Pressure Relief

Oxygen Saturation

Arterial Tonometry

Central Sleep Apnea

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Sympathetic Nerve Activity

Treatment-Emergent CSA