Sleep Health Part 2: Sleep Disordered Breathing, Co-morbidities, Diagnosis and Treatment-Sleep Health Part 2: Sleep Disordered Breathing, Co-morbidities, Diagnosis and Treatment Video

Video Transcription

Video Summary

The video provides information on the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and other medical problems and sleep disorders. It discusses diagnostic approaches for diagnosing sleep disorder breathing, specifically sleep apnea, and reviews treatment options such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), oral appliances, surgery, and hypoglossal nerve stimulation.<br /><br />Sleep disorder breathing encompasses a spectrum of disorders, including snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. Other types of breathing problems at night include central sleep apnea, hypoventilation, and a combination of these issues.<br /><br />Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when the upper airway relaxes and collapses during sleep, resulting in breathing pauses or reductions in airflow. It is diagnosed through the apnea hypopnea index (AHI), which measures the number of apneas and hypopneas per hour of sleep. An AHI of greater than 5 events per hour is considered obstructive sleep apnea, with severity classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on the AHI.<br /><br />Cardiovascular risk is more tied to oxygen levels at night rather than the AHI. Severe sleep apnea and significant oxygen desaturation increase cardiovascular risk. However, defining sleep apnea and hypopneas can vary depending on the guidelines and payment requirements.<br /><br />Overall, obstructive sleep apnea is a common condition that is often undiagnosed. Treatment options include CPAP, which improves sleepiness and can alleviate sleep apnea, but may not consistently improve other outcomes like blood pressure and cardiovascular risk. Oral appliances are recommended for mild to moderate sleep apnea and can be an alternative to CPAP. Upper airway surgery and weight loss may be considered in certain cases, and the hypoglossal nerve stimulation device, known as the Inspire device, is approved for use in specific patients.<br /><br />The video concludes by emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment to improve outcomes for individuals with sleep disorder breathing.

Keywords

obstructive sleep apnea

diagnostic approaches

continuous positive airway pressure

oral appliances

surgery

hypoglossal nerve stimulation

cardiovascular risk